AP History
Unit 3 — Colonial Andhra & Movements
From the advent of Europeans through British rule to the social, cultural, political and literary movements of colonial Andhra.
Advent of Europeans
Portuguese, Dutch, English, French and Danes on the Andhra coast (1498 – 1765)
Trade Centres
Coastal ports and inland marts that pulled European powers to Andhra.
Andhra under Company Rule
From the Northern Circars grant (1765) to Crown transfer (1858).
Revolt of 1857
Andhra's limited but significant role in the First War of Independence
British Rule
Crown administration (1858–1947) and its transformative impact on Andhra society, economy and polity.
Social and Cultural Awakening
Reform, education and Telugu renaissance in 19th- and early 20th-century Andhra.
Justice Party
Non-Brahmin political mobilisation and India's first reservation regime — Madras Presidency, 1916–1937.
Self Respect Movement
Periyar's radical anti-caste, rationalist crusade and its Andhra parallels — 1925 onwards.
National Movement
Andhra's participation in India's freedom struggle — Moderate, Extremist, Gandhian and Revolutionary phases (1885–1947).
Socialists
Congress Socialist Party, Kisan Sabhas and the agrarian left in Andhra (1934–1955).
Communists
CPI in Andhra and its role in peasant and worker struggles.
Anti-Zamindari Movement
Ryot resistance against Permanent-Settlement zamindars in coastal Andhra.
Kisan Movement
Peasant mobilisation in colonial Andhra — from Ryot Sabhas to Kisan Sabhas and the Telangana Armed Struggle.
Nationalist Poetry
Bhava Kavitvam and the Telugu poetic voice of the freedom struggle (1900 – 1950).
Revolutionary Literature
Abhyudaya, Digambara and Viplava Rachayithala Sangham voices.
Nataka Samasthalu
Telugu drama companies that spread reform and nationalism.
Women Participation
Andhra women in the freedom struggle and social reform.